Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Salam Terhadap Kolagenase Dan Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Pada Tikus Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33096/jffi.v12.i1.tkn99b49Keywords:
Syzygium polyanthum, type 2 diabetes mellitus, incisional wound, inflammation, epithelializationAbstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) impairs wound healing through dysregulation of inflammation, reduced collagen synthesis, and impaired epithelialization (Brem & Tomic-Canic, 2007). Bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) contains bioactive compounds with potential to modulate inflammation and wound healing processes (Widyawati et al., 2015). This study aimed to analyze the effect of bay leaf ethanol extract (BLEE) on inflammation (COX-2) and epithelialization (KGF-1, collagenase) in incisional wound healing of male white rats with T2DM. An experimental posttest-only controlled group design was employed using 30 male Wistar rats divided into 6 groups: negative control, positive control (diabetes), drug control (metformin 4.5 mg/kgBW), and three BLEE treatment groups at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kgBW. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) 40 mg/kgBW intraperitoneally. Parameters measured included COX-2, KGF-1, and collagenase levels by ELISA, and macroscopic wound healing percentage on days 0, 7, and 14. Phytochemical screening revealed BLEE contained flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and phenolics, with yield 11.35%, total flavonoid 51.81 mg/L, and total phenolic 675.44 mg/L. No significant differences were found in COX-2 (p=0.944) and KGF-1 (p=0.745) levels between groups. Significant differences were found in collagenase levels (p=0.011), lowest in the 250 mg/kgBW BLEE group (0.98±0.17). BLEE at 1000 mg/kgBW showed wound healing on day 7 (34.61±7.90%) approaching metformin (36.68±4.94%). In conclusion, BLEE 1000 mg/kgBW showed wound healing effects comparable to metformin in T2DM rats, likely mediated through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities
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