In Vitro Photoprotective Performance and Physicochemical Characterization of a Herbal Sunscreen Cream Containing White-Fleshed Guava (Psidium guajava L.) and Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaf Extracts

Seftinur Amsiyah; Siti Umrah  Noor; Yunahara  Farida

doi:10.33096/jffi.v13i1.qee7sx29

Authors

Seftinur Amsiyah Universitas Pancasila Author
Siti Umrah Noor Departement of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University Author
Yunahara Farida Departement of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33096/jffi.v13i1.qee7sx29

Keywords:

sunscreen, SPF in vitro, cream, Psidium guajava, Annona muricata

Abstract

White-fleshed guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) and soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) have the potential to be used as sunscreen because they contain flavonoid compounds that have conjugated aromatic groups that can absorb UV radiation. Combining extract is expected to increase the SPF value. This research aims to formulate and determine the effect of varying concentrations of white-fleshed guava and soursop leaf extracts on in vitro SPF values, physical characteristics and stability of cream preparations. The ethyl acetate fraction of white-fleshed guava leaves and soursop leaves extracted by UAE and formulated into sunscreen cream with varying concentrations. F1 (WFGL 1.25%), F2 (SL 4.75%), F3 (WFGL 1.25% and SL 4.75%), F4 (WFGL 2.5% and SL 4.75%), and F5 (WFGL 1.25% and SL 9.5%). The test results show that variations in concentration have a significant influence on the SPF value and physical characteristics of the formula (P < 0.05). The SPF values of the F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5 cream formulas are 13.40; 12.75; 15.44; 17.57 and 17.24. All formulas are qualified, which included organoleptics, homogeneity, spreadability, viscosity, flow properties, emulsion type and pH. Stability tests using centrifugation and cycling tests showed that the results of the five formulas remained stable after testing. The ethyl acetate fraction of white-fleshed guava leaves and soursop leaves can be formulated into a physicochemically stable cream dosage form.

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